Abrasive Raw Materials in Automotive Machining
SiC Silicon carbide material has the characteristics of high hardness, wear resistance, and high elastic modulus. At present, SiC silicon carbide smelting and powder are mainly used for refractory materials, abrasives, and SiC powder for fine ceramics.
Silicon carbide is a kind of carbide accidentally discovered in the laboratory by American Acheson during the fused diamond experiment in 1891. At that time, it was mistaken for a mixture of diamonds, so it was named emery, which was researched by Acheson in 1893. The method of industrial smelting silicon carbide, which is often referred to as the Acheson furnace, has been used until now. A resistance furnace with carbonaceous materials as the furnace core body is electrically heated to generate silicon carbide by heating the mixture of quartz SiO2 and carbon.
Silicon carbide has two commonly used basic varieties, black silicon carbide, and green silicon carbide, both of which belong to α-SiC.
(1) Black silicon carbide contains about 95% SiC, and its toughness is higher than that of green silicon carbide. It is mostly used for processing materials with low tensile strength, such as glass, ceramics, stone, refractory materials, cast iron, and non-ferrous metals.
(2) Green silicon carbide grit contains more than 97% SiC and has good self-sharpening properties. In addition, there is cubic silicon carbide, which is a yellow-green crystal made by a special process. The abrasive tool used to make it is suitable for the super-finishing of bearings, and the surface roughness can be processed from Ra32~0.16 microns to Ra0.04~ 0.02 microns.
Like the semiconductor industry and the photovoltaic industry, it is mainly used in the polishing of large-scale integrated circuit silicon substrates and silicon wafers in the photovoltaic industry. In the past, cast iron or steel grinding discs were mostly used in production, but cast iron or carbon steel materials have a short service life and a large thermal expansion coefficient. With the development of SiC silicon carbide ceramic wear-resistant materials and the development of sintering technology, cast iron and carbon steel Steel grinding discs are gradually being replaced by silicon carbide grinding discs. Compared with cast iron or steel grinding discs, SiC silicon carbide grinding discs have small thermal expansion coefficient, high strength, high hardness, long service life and low cost, and the thermal expansion coefficient is basically the same as that of silicon wafers. During the high-speed grinding and polishing process, the processing accuracy of silicon wafers can be guaranteed.
In recent years, the size of silicon wafers in the photovoltaic industry has become larger and larger, and the quality and grinding efficiency of grinding discs have become more and more demanding. The use of SiC silicon carbide grinding discs can solve the high requirements of grinding and polishing, and improve the grinding quality and efficiency. Silicon carbide has a series of excellent properties and low price. These excellent properties of silicon carbide ceramics make it suitable for use in places where metal wear-resistant materials or polymer wear-resistant materials are incompetent, which shows an important application prospect in the field of wear resistance.
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