Sustainable Approaches to Abrasive Raw Materials in Modern Industries
Abrasive material is a general term for coated abrasives, wire abrasives, and polishing abrasives, mainly used for polishing, wire drawing, and polishing the surface of workpieces. Abrasive materials generally have high hardness, toughness, and regular shapes, and belong to the "hardware tools" category.
Coated abrasives: steel paper grinding sheets, sandpaper, and sand belts.
Nylon-based: industrial scouring pads, nylon bands, nylon wheels, and flying wing wheels.
Polishing: ceramic sand, polishing wax, polishing paste, folding cloth wheels, burlap wheels, polishing solutions, and other abrasive polishing tools.
Abrasive raw materials are used for material polishing and can be used for polishing glass, metal, leather, semiconductors, plastics, gems, jade, and stainless steel. For example, glass polishing uses a powdered mixture of iron oxide red, tin dioxide, alumina, cerium oxide, barium carbonate, chalk, clay, diatomaceous earth, mixed with water to form a suspension for use.
The grinding and polishing machinery and abrasives used for surface treatment of workpieces must be combined with the characteristics of the workpieces. For surface grinding and polishing of workpieces, after determining the variety of polishing and grinding machinery that is suitable for the workpiece characteristics, the variety of polishing and grinding abrasives, or the positioning of grinding media, can be determined.
Regarding polishing and grinding abrasives, this mainly refers to the selection of grinding media, which is closely related to the material of the workpiece. Because there are many kinds of main media in abrasive materials, such as brown corundum abrasive, corn cob abrasive, walnut shell abrasive, high-frequency porcelain abrasive, alumina abrasive, zirconia bead abrasive, fused zirconia alumina, steel ball and so on, each has its own characteristics and adaptability, and proper use can make the surface of the workpiece smooth and bright, while improper use can result in negative effects. Therefore, the correct selection of grinding media plays a decisive role in the quality of the workpiece surface. In addition to polishing and grinding abrasives, polishing and grinding liquids, and polishing brighteners are also key factors that determine the quality of the workpiece surface.
During the grinding and polishing treatment of workpieces, different materials are used because of different uses of the workpieces. Some are made of metals, others are non-metals, but metals include iron, steel, copper, zinc, aluminum, and alloys, and their characteristics are different, so the surface abrasive materials used should also be different. When treating workpieces with the same surface polishing requirements, we must choose the polishing and grinding abrasives that best satisfy the requirements of the workpiece according to the characteristics and requirements of the workpiece. For example, if the workpiece to be polished is a black metal forging, corresponding materials should be used for polishing. If the surface smoothness requirement of this type of workpiece is not high, it is recommended to choose polishing and grinding abrasives with relatively hard texture, coarse particle size, and slightly stronger cutting ability, such as brown corundum polishing abrasives. When using brown corundum polishing abrasive together with a proper amount of polishing and grinding liquid, the surface treatment speed of the workpiece can be accelerated, and the surface can be smoother.
If the workpiece surface requires high smoothness, polishing and grinding abrasives with certain cutting ability, but with higher density and finer particle size should be chosen for removing burrs and rounding edges to create a more delicate and smooth surface. When performing precision polishing on such workpieces, matching polishing brighteners and precision polishing special abrasives that meet the material requirements of the workpiece is necessary to meet the requirements of a precise, delicate, bright and smooth workpiece surface.
